Pages 188–195
Abstract
Research summary supplied by the authors
The South American Armoured Suckermouth Catfish (ASCF) (Pterygoplichthys spp.) is an invasive species that poses significant ecological and socio-economic threats to freshwater ecosystems in India. This study explores a sustainable approach to mitigate its adverse impacts by converting ASCF skin into value-added leather. Efficient skin recovery methods and a specialised tool for damage-free skinning have been developed. Microscopic analysis confirmed the presence of rigid bony plates with sharp tooth-like structures embedded within the skin, which critically influence processing behaviour. The dorsal and ventral skin of Pterygoplichthys showed markedly different ash contents (H”52% and 6.5%, respectively), with SEM-EDX confirming calcium & phosphorous rich mineral phases. FTIR and XRD analyses further validated the presence of characteristic P–O functional groups and crystalline HAP/â-TCP phases, reflecting the influence of the skin’s bony dermal plate architecture. A pit-based pretanning followed by a pickle-free tanning system was identified as the most suitable method, ensuring preservation of the skin’s structural integrity. In contrast, drum-based pre-tanning caused substantial abrasion due to the interaction with bony elements. Notably, drum-based post-tanning and subsequent mechanical operations did not induce physical damage, and optimised conditions enabled the production of flattened crust leather. The resulting leather demonstrated excellent abrasion and bladecut resistance, although it had relatively lower tear and puncture resistance. The finished material was successfully utilised to manufacture functional prototypes, including footwear and leather goods, highlighting its potential for commercial adoption and environmental management .