Poster
Abstract
Research summary supplied by the authors
Introduction A B Purpose Results Acknowledgements Marine-to-Manufacturer ▪ Dyeing of leather is an important process in manufacturing of leather products. ▪ Synthetic colorants are commonly used, but these can be substituted with eco- friendly colorants extracted from bio- resources such as plants, animals and microbial cultures. ▪ The highly growing demand for natural colorants in sustainable fashion and leather industries. ▪ Marine waste (squid ink) has been used as a raw material to extract colorant and utilized them in leather processing. Squid inks are rich sources of melanin pigment, that are usually discard as waste after cleaning squids for food industry. These wastes can be used as a biocolorant for leather manufacturing. References Discussion e Methodology Characterization Fastness Properties of Squid Colorant Treated Leather ▪ Department of Lather Technology, Anna University, India ▪ IULTCS 2025, France ▪ Director, CSIR-CLRI and CATERS, CLRI for facilitating the testing facilities ▪ Marine environment offer promising sources for natural colorants. Goat skin leather dyed with squid (Logio duvauceli) colorant exhibits a uniform coloration with vibrant, intense shades, which concluded based on the standard parameters. ▪ Findings of this study suggest marine- sourced natural colorants could serve as an alternative for leather dyeing. ▪ In future, this could pave the way forward research into marine-based natural dyes and fine renewable chemicals. ▪ Selvi, A., Jayakumar, G.C., Rani, N., Yasothai. A.; Studies on the application of biocolorant for leather dyeing using Monascus purpureus. JALCA. 113, 2018. ▪ Ahamed, A.R.G.B., Hossain, M.P., Antora, R.A., Rabeta, M.S.; Physical and functional properties of Indian squid (Loligo duvauceli) and cuttlefish (Sepia latimanus) ink powder. F. Res. 2(4), 314-319, 2018. ▪ Dixit, S., Yadav, A., Dwivedi, P.D., Das, M.; Toxic hazards of leather industry and technologies to combat threat: a review. J. of Cleaner Prod. 87, 39- 49, 2015 Process Recipe using Colorant (Squid waste) Process Chemicals % Duration Remarks Material: Goat skin Wetback Water Wetting Agent 100 0.5 60 min D/W/D Neutralization Water Sodium formate Sodium bicarbonate 100 1 1.5 30 min 30 min pH 4.8±0.2 Retanning Relugan RE GS powder Phenolic syntan Melamine syntan Biopolymer 4 5 5 4 4 20 min 60 min Dyeing Extracted Colorant Surfactant 10 0.5 45 min Check for penetration Fatliquoring Synthetic fatliquor Semi synthetic fatliquor 1 2 60 mins Fixation Formic acid 3 30 min Check exhaustion D/W/D Leathers piled overnight, hooked to dry, staked, trimmed Test Control Treated Sample To-and- fro rubbing (leather) Dry Wet 512 256 5 4/5 5 4/5 To-and- fro rubbing (felt) Dry Wet 512 256 5 5 5 4/5 Salient features ▪ Extracted colorant exhibited slightly acidic pH (6.54 ± 0.02), and also stable across a wide pH range (3-12) without color change. ▪ High antioxidant activity (84.8-88.2%) due to phenolic and alkaloid compounds, enhancing shelf life. ▪ Effective inhibition zones against both Gram- positive (Streptococcus, Bacillus) and Gram- negative (E. coli, Klebsiella) bacteria, proving antimicrobial potential. ▪ Dye exhaustion ~ 85 ± 2% and produced uniform shade on goat crust leather with the Lab* value(ΔE = 29.60). ▪ Light-fastness (grey scale rating 4/5) and also exhibited good rub fastness (dry/wet). ▪ Average particle size~179 nm (DLS), indicating efficient penetration and uniform dyeing of leather substrate. Anti-oxidant Analysis Antibacterial activity SQUID DYE EXTRACTION - Effect of different pH on dye extraction CHARACTERIZATION STUDIES - Chemical and physical analysis LEATHER DYEING - Effect of leather dyeing process EVALUATION OF DYED LEATHER - Colorant exhaust in process liquor -Color measurement analysis -Visual color analysis -Physical leather characteristics analysis The growing demand on sustainable and eco- friendly practices in the leather industry has driven interest in marine-based resources as an alternative sources for natural colorants. Synthetic colors are commonly used, but these can be substituted with eco-friendly colorants extracted from natural sources, which reduces ecological footprint of conventional processes. This work investigates the potential of marine wastes, squid ink pigment (melanin) as a viable, non-toxic alternatives for leather dyeing. Squid ink, a by-product of seafood processing, offers a rich, stable source of coloring agent. The extracted colors were used in the leather dyeing process. This approach not only valorizes marine processing wastes but also contributes to greener leather manufacturing practices, aligning with circular economy principles. Bio-dyed leather